Square, level, and plumb device.



Gr. SWENSON. SQUARE, LEVEL, AND PLUMB DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11, 1914.

Patented 12111.5, 1915.

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pair S anion.

SQUARE, LEVEL, AND PLUMB DEVICE.

Application filed June 11, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUsTAv Swanson, a native of Sweden, having declaredmy 1ntentions of becoming a citizen of the United States, and residingin the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Square, Level, and PlumbDevices, of which the following 1s a specification.

The object of my invention 1s the provision of means for visuallyprojectlng and ascertaining horizontals and verticals 1n the industrialarts, particularly in architecture and building, and consists primarilyin the combination and arrangement, with one or more spirit levels, of amirror positioned in a plane at right angles thereto, whereby thereflection of a line of pro ect1on may be utilized in ascertaining theline of deflection from the rectangular as related to the mirror, andwhereby also the correct line of projection may be attained, ashereinafter more fully set forth.

The invention also includes certain other details in the constructionand arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed specifically.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, is what may be designated as afront elevation of my square, level and plumb device; Fig. 2, a top Viewthereof; Fig. 3, a transverse section upon plane of line 33 Fig. 1; Fig.4:, is a detail view of the horizontal projecting line support; Fig. 5,1s an elevation of the right hand edge of the device; Fig. 6, asectional elevation taken upon plane of line 66 Fig. 1, the PIOJGClJlOIlline support being in a lower position than that shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 7is an elevation of the left hand edge of the device partly broken awayand in section to show the pivotal support for the swinging'spiritlevel; Fig. 8, is a section taken upon plane of line 9-9 Fig. 1, showingthe horizontal test spirit level swung out at right angles to the mirrorframe; Fig. 9, a partial sectional view on the same plane showing saidhorizontal test spirit level in position within and under the mirrorframe.

The basis, of my structure is an elongated rectangular frame of steel orother suitable material the side members f, f, being extended at thebottom to form posts f f Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 5, 1915.

Serial No. 844,521.

between which is the recess for the accommodation of the swinging arm a,in which the horizontal test spirit level a, is mounted, said arm a,being pivotally supported on the lower cross bar f, of the frame, by ascrew (E, as shown in Fig. 7 The spirit level a, (and by the term spiritlevel I herein mean to designate the ordinary spirit or water level ingeneral use, or any suitable equivalent thereof) is positioned in arecess a formed for its reception in the arm a, said recess being openat the top and front side of the arm. The end of the latter opposite tothat at which it is pivoted to the lower cross member f, of the frame isformed with a depression a*, into which a spring f countersunk in theextension 7, fits when the arm a, is in closed position to retain thesaid arm within the frame line until the horizontal test level a, isdesired for use. Another spirit or equivalent level which may bedesignated as the vertical test level a, is mounted in the side memberf, of the frame, being countersunk in a recess a, formed for itsreception in said side member f, said recess being open in the frontside of the frame as shown in Fig. 1. This front side of the frame F, isprovided with a face plate f", bearing on its edges a suitable scale s,surrounding the sight opening through which the mirror M, is exposed toview. If preferred however, the face plate f", may be omitted and thescale 8, formed directly upon the front surfaces of the frame F, as maybe found most expedient in manufacture.

The longitudinal edges of the mirror M, rest in grooves g, g, in theside members 7, f, of the frame, the lower edge of the said mirrorresting upon the cross bar f, of the frame, and it being locked inposition in the frame by a dove-tail slide 9, at top, said slide fittingin a dove-tail groove 7, formed for its reception in the top member f",and being retractably mounted there in in such manner as to be readilywithdrawn or inserted longitudinally. When the mirror M, is in place inthe frame and the slide 9, closed the latter overlaps the upper end ofthe mirror as shown particularly in Fig. 6, and thereby locks the mirroragainst movement within the frame.

The rear of the frame is closed by a plate f and the space between saidplate 7", and

the back of the mirror M, I utilize for the housing and accommodation ofa tape measure T, the axis or spindle t, of which is mounted in saidrear plate f and in a crossshaped partition 29, spaced back of themirror M, sufliciently to prevent contact therewith. The tape T, passesout through an opening 7', in the side member 7, of the frame, the endof the tape being secured to the usual ring or handle t, for which arecess f, may be provided in the outer surface of the side member 7.

B, represents a slide band fitting over the frame, slidable thereon, andprovided with means whereby it may be held in prescribed positionsthereon, as by means of a set screw 6, for which screw holes 6', may beprovided in the side member f, of the frame. The front member of thisslide B, is formed with a series of cord holes 6 and edge notches 6 astring, cord or wire, having the free end thereof through one of thecord holes 6 from the front to the rear of the slide and then forwardthrough the corresponding edge notch Z9 This brings one end of theprojecting of test cord, wire or string in close proximity to the faceof the mirror M.

The device is used as follows. Supposing itis desired to test, prove, orproject a horizontal line or surface, the arm a, is swung out at rightangles to the mirror, or substantially so. hen the level a, indicatesthe true horizontal the mirror will be in a true vertical position, andhence if the test ing' cord 0, (of any required length) is brought intoperfect alinement with its reflection in the mirror M, it is obviousthat said projecting cord extends in a true horizontal line. By thismeans surfaces may be either tested or projected. Any variation from thetrue horizontal will be indicated by the reflection of the cord in themirror, and may be read off from the scale s. In measuring or projectingvertical lines the arm a, is closed, and the device turned into thehroizontal position, which is ascertained by means of the level 1..

The usual try-square used in carpentry, &c., does not ordinarily exceedtwo feet in length, hence its usefulness is restricted- By my device Ican prove, try or project surfaces or lines of any desired extension,and can quickly and conveniently ascertain any deviation from the plumb,square or level. Furthermore the device is simple, cheap, and effective,and not liable to get out of order. By its use building operations maybe greatly facilitated, and it may be used in various emergencies whereotherwise surveying instruments would have to be resorted to.

WVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. In a device of the character designated, a frame, a mirror mounted insaid frame, said frame having a sight opening through which said mirroris exposed to view, a leveling device arranged to ascertain the truevertical position of said mirror, a band slidably mounted on said frameover the mirror and provided with a plurality of cord holes and edgenotches, and a cord holding device adjacent to said mirror andadjustable with relation thereto and embodying a cord for cooperationwith said holes and notches for the purpose described.

2. In a device of the character designated, a frame, a mirror mounted insaid frame, said frame having a sight opening through which said mirroris exposed to view, a swinging arm pivotally connected with said frame,a band slidable upon said frame over said mirror and carrying a cord,and a leveling device mounted on said swinging arm, for the purposedescribed.

3. In a device of the character designated, the combination of a mirror,a supporting frame the edges of which adjacent to the face of the mirrorare formed with a scale, a leveling device arranged to ascertain thetrue vertical position of the mirror, a band slidable on said frame anda cord carried by said band for cooperation with said mirror, for thepurpose described.

4:. In a device of the character designated, the combination. of amirror, a supporting frame the edges of which adjacent to the face ofthe mirror are formed with a scale, a swinging arm pivotally connectedwith said frame, a leveling device mounted on said swinging arm, a bandslidable on said frame and a cord carried by said band for cooperationwith said mirror, for the purpose described.

In a device of the character designated, the combination of a mirror, asupporting frame the edges of which adjacent to the face of the mirrorare formed with a scale, a band slidable on said frame and having cordopenings and notches, a cordcooperating therewith and with said mirror,and a leveling device on said frame arranged to ascertain the truehorizontal position of said mirror, for the purpose described.

GUSTAV SWENSON.

lVitnesses:

Gno. VVM. MIATT, Donornr MIATT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents- Washington, 1L0.

